\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u91cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u865a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff01\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u51fd\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u4f60\u6240\u60f3\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\u53ea\u662f\u590d\u5236\u503c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019delete\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u6b21\u5220\u9664\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u5df1\u91cd\u5199\u62f7\u8d1d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u4f20\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u5230\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u4ece\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5fc5\u9700\u65f6\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u503c\u4f20\u9012\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4f60\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6574\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u662f\u6700\u5927\u6210\u5458\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5feb\u4e86\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3cpu\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u5757\u4e00\u5757\u8bfb\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb2,4,8,16\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u5148\u8bfb\u4e860~3\uff0c\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8bfb4~7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u7ffc\u7ffc\u7684\u5254\u9664\u524d\u540e\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5f88\u591acpu\u9047\u5230\u6ca1\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u66f4\u662f\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u7533\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e00\u7247\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7528\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u7528valgrind\u626b\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u600e\u4e48\u907f\u514d\uff1f\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\uff0cstl\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u5019\u4f9d\u7136\u6b63\u5e38\u91ca\u653e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6700\u591a\u4fe9\u5b50\u8282\u70b9
\u4e8c\u53c9\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff1a\u5de6\u8282\u70b9<\u6839\u8282\u70b9<\u53f3\u8282\u70b9
\u4e8c\u53c9\u5e73\u8861\u6811\uff1a\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u6811\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1.\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u9ed1 2.\u53f6\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u9ed1\uff08\u5916\u90e8\uff09 3.\u7ea2\u8282\u70b9\u4e0d\u8fde\u7ea2\u8282\u70b9 4.\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u53f6\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9 5.\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\u5019\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7ea2\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u63d2\u5165\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u770b\u53d4\u53d4\u8138\u8272\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u5fd8\u4e86\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\")
<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
define\uff0cconst\uff0ctypedef\uff0cinline<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
#define\uff1a\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362
typedef\uff1a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u89e3\u6790\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u89c6\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002
inline\uff1a\u7ed9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e00\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u51fd\u6570\u5d4c\u5165\u8fc7\u53bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
typedef int* INT_PTR;\nINT_PTR a, b; \/\/ a \u548c b \u90fd\u662f int* \u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\uff09\nusing FuncPtr = int(*)(int, int); \/\/ \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e typedef int(*FuncPtr)(int, int);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\uff08ciso\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u628a\u4e00\u6bb5\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u9700\u89814\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5<\/p>\n\n\n\n| \u9636\u6bb5<\/td> | \u8f93\u5165<\/td> | \u8f93\u51fa<\/td> | \u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1<\/td> | \u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/td><\/tr> |
| \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/td> | .c<\/td> | .i<\/td> | \u5904\u7406\u5168\u90e8#\u4efb\u52a1
1.\u5c55\u5f00\u5934\u6587\u4ef6#include<stdio.h>\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u5165\u672c\u6587\u4ef6
2.\u5b8f\u66ff\u6362 ,#define PI 3.14\u4e4b\u7c7b\u76f4\u63a5\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362
3.\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1#ifdef\u548c#ifndef\u7b49\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u7559<\/td> | \u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362<\/td><\/tr> |
| \u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5<\/td> | .i<\/td> | .s<\/td> | \u628a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u3002
1.\u68c0\u67e5\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e
2.\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u5355\u4f18\u5316
3.\u751f\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u4e0d\u540cCPU\u67b6\u6784\u4e0d\u540c\uff09<\/td> | \u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6c47\u7f16<\/td><\/tr> |
| \u6c47\u7f16\u9636\u6bb5<\/td> | .s<\/td> | .o<\/td> | \u628a\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u6210\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff09
1.\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u53e5\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u673a\u5668\u7801
2.\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\uff08\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7a7a\u7740\uff09
\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801 call puts \u4f1a\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6307\u4ee4
E8 00 00 00 00\uff08\u5047\u8bbe puts \u7684\u5730\u5740\u6682\u65f6\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\uff09\u3002<\/td> | \u751f\u6210\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5730\u5740\u672a\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a<\/td><\/tr> |
| \u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5<\/td> | .o .a
[\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6]<\/td> | .out\/.exe<\/td> | \u5408\u5e76\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u7b26\u53f7\u5730\u5740
1.\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u5982 printf\uff09\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/td> | \u94fe\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u5e93\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u5d4c\u5165\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff09
\u6216\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e93\uff09\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u5982\u679c\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u6709\u5728.cpp\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\uff1f\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u52a8\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n- \u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u628a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\n
\n- \u597d\u5904\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u3002
\u574f\u5904\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f53\u79ef\u5927\uff08\u54ea\u6015\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5374\u8981\u6574\u4e2a\u5e93\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d6a\u8d39<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n - \u52a8\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\n
\n- \u597d\u5904\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\uff0c\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u5e93\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u574f\u5904\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u786e\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5e93\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u90e8\u7f72\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\uff08python\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n- \u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\n
\n- \u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u5305\u542b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u628alib\u4e2d\u4ee3\u7801\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u590d\u5236\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\n
\n- \u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u5305\u542b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\uff08DDL\uff09\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u66f4\u6362DDL\u5c31\u66f4\u6362\u4e86\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u52a8\u6001\u8054\u7f16\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u8054\u7f16<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n- \u9759\u6001\u8054\u7f16\uff08\u65e9\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09\n
\n- \u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u5019\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6307\u9488\/\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u65e0\u5f00\u9500\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u592a\u7075\u6d3b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
class Base { void func(); };\nclass Derived : public Base { void func(); };\n\nBase* obj = new Derived();\nobj->func(); \/\/ \u8c03\u7528Base::func\uff08\u9759\u6001\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n- \u52a8\u6001\u8054\u7f16\uff08\u665a\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u53bb\u770b\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u5f00\u9500<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
class Base { virtual void func(); };\nclass Derived : public Base { void func() override; };\n\nBase* obj = new Derived();\nobj->func(); \/\/ \u8c03\u7528Derived::func\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u53cb\u5143<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6253\u7834\u7c7b\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\uff08private\uff09\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08protected\uff09\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n class Box {\nprivate:\n int width;\npublic:\n Box(int w) : width(w) {}\n \/\/ \u58f0\u660e\u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\n friend void printWidth(Box box);\n};\n\n\/\/ \u53cb\u5143\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee Box \u7684\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\nvoid printWidth(Box box) {\n cout << \"Width: \" << box.width << endl;\n}\n\nint main() {\n Box b(10);\n printWidth(b); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa: Width: 10\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u7c7b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u7c7b\u4e0e\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a
has-A\uff1aB\u7c7b\u7528\u4e86A\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u5468\u671f\u76f8\u540c
use-A\uff1aB\u7c7b\u7528\u4e86A\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6216\u8005\u51fd\u6570\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u58f0\u660e\u5468\u671f\u4e34\u65f6
is-A\uff1a\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u7236\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7ee7\u627f\u7279\u70b9\uff1a
\u5b50\u7c7b\u62e5\u6709\u7236\u7c7b\u5168\u90e8\u5c5e\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u7236\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u505a\u7236\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7ec4\u5408\uff1a\u5185\u5d4c\u5176\u5b83\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u5458<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u6210\u5458\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\nclass MyClass {\npublic:\n \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u8bed\u6cd5\n MyClass(int a, int b) : m_a(a), m_b(b) { \n \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\uff08\u6b64\u65f6\u6210\u5458\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff09\n }\n\nprivate:\n int m_a;\n int m_b;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5fc5\u987b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff08const\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\uff09\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u53c2\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u4e4b\u521d\u5c31\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5206\u914d\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u521d\u59cb\u5316const<\/h4>\n\n\n\nclass Circle {\npublic:\n Circle(double r) : PI(3.14159), radius(r) {} \/\/ \u2705\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\nprivate:\n const double PI; \/\/ const\u6210\u5458\n double radius;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5f15\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\u5f15\u7528\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u5019\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n class Student {\npublic:\n Student(int& id) : ref_id(id) {} \/\/ \u2705\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\nprivate:\n int& ref_id; \/\/ \u5f15\u7528\u6210\u5458\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u6709\u53c2\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\u5982\u679c\u57fa\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u663e\u793a\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u5176\u5b83\u65f6\u5019\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9690\u793a\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n class Base {\npublic:\n Base(int x) { \/*...*\/ }\n};\n\nclass Derived : public Base {\npublic:\n Derived(int a) : Base(a) { \/*...*\/ } \/\/ \u2705\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff0c\u7531\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u987a\u5e8f\u51b3\u5b9a<\/strong>\uff08\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868\u65e0\u5173\uff09\u3002
\u57fa\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5148\u4e8e\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u6210\u5458\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\nclass Example {\npublic:\n Example(int x) : b(x), a(b) {} \/\/ \u274c\u5371\u9669\uff01a\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u65f6b\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\nprivate:\n int a; \/\/ \u5148\u58f0\u660e\n int b; \/\/ \u540e\u58f0\u660e\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u4e0e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u8d4b\u503c\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u65b9\u5f0f<\/td> | \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868<\/td> | \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u5185\u8d4b\u503c<\/td><\/tr> | | \u672c\u8d28<\/td> | \u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff08\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff09<\/td>\u5148\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u518d\u8d4b\u503c<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>| \u9002\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td> | \u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td> | \u975econst\uff0c\u5f15\u7528<\/td><\/tr> | | \u6548\u7387<\/td> | \u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff08\u907f\u514d\u4e8c\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09<\/td> | \u4f4e\u6548\u7387\uff08\u6784\u9020+\u8d4b\u503c\u662f\u4e24\u6b65\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\nSTL\u5bb9\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n| <\/td> | \u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/td> | \u7279\u6027<\/td> | \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/td> | \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/td><\/tr> | | vector<\/td> | \u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4<\/td> | 1.\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95eeo1
2.\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u6309\u6307\u6570\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td> | \u666e\u901a\u6307\u9488\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210<\/td> | \u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff1a
start<\/code>\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5934\uff09
finish<\/code>\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3e\uff09
end_of_storage<\/code>\uff08\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c3e\uff09<\/td><\/tr>| list<\/td> | \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868<\/td> | 1.\u975e\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b58\u50a8
2.\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u8282\u70b9\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58<\/td> | BidirectionalIterator
\u652f\u6301++\u548c–\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u968f\u673a\u8df3\u8dc3<\/td> | \u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9<\/td><\/tr> | | deque<\/td> | \u53cc\u7aef\u961f\u5217<\/td> | 1.\u5206\u6bb5\u8fde\u7eed\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c
\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u5206\u6bb5\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u53cc\u5411\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5bb9\u3002
\u5373\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5O(1)\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td> | RandomAccessIterator
\u5305\u542b\u56db\u4e2a\u6307\u9488
cur,first,last,node<\/td> |
start\u548cfinish\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u5b88\u536b\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/td><\/tr> | | stack<\/td> | \u6808<\/td> | 1.\u5e95\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4deque
2.\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa<\/td> | \u4f9d\u8d56\u5e95\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668<\/td> | <\/td><\/tr> | | queue<\/td> | \u961f\u5217<\/td> | 1.\u5e95\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4deque
2.\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa<\/td> | \u4f9d\u8d56\u5e95\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668<\/td> | <\/td><\/tr> | | priority_queue<\/td> | \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217<\/td> | 1.\u5bb9\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4vector
2.\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5806<\/td> | \u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td> | <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\nVector\u7684push_back\u548cemplace_back<\/h3>\n\n\n\npush_back()\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c31\u5730\u6784\u9020\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u91ca\u653e\u539f\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e
emplace_back()\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u6784\u9020\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd+\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n map\u548cset\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u8054\u7cfb\uff1a\u5e95\u5c42\u90fd\u662f\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/th>map<\/strong><\/th>set<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\u5b58\u50a8\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/td>\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff08key-value<\/code>\uff09<\/td>\u5355\u4e2a\u952e\uff08key<\/code>\uff09<\/td><\/tr>\u4fee\u6539\u952e\uff08key\uff09<\/strong><\/td>| \u274c \u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u5f71\u54cd\u6392\u5e8f\uff09<\/td> | \u274c \u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u662f\u5143\u7d20\u672c\u8eab\uff09<\/td><\/tr> | \u4fee\u6539\u503c\uff08value\uff09<\/strong><\/td>| \u2705 \u53ef\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6392\u5e8f\uff09<\/td> | \u65e0\u503c\uff08\u5143\u7d20\u5373\u952e\uff09<\/td><\/tr> | |
| | | | | | | |
|---|
| |
| | |
|